6.配置静态路由

小浩 Lv3
  2024-04-09 14:41:10 2024-04-09 14:41:10 Created   2024-06-08 13:52:13 2024-06-08 13:52:13 Updated    

一、背景

假设校园网内通过一台路由器连接到校园外的另一台路由器上，现要在路由器上做出相应的配置，使校园网内部主机和校园网外部主机相互通信。即通过相关配置，实现网络互联互通，从而实现信息的共享和传递。

二、拓扑图

cisco21

三、配置流程

  1. 配置路由器接口的IP地址

    1.1 路由器R1

    配置：

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    Router>en

    Router#configure terminal 

    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

    Router(config)#hostname R1

    R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

    R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0

    R1(config-if)#no shutdown 

    R1(config-if)#

    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

    %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

    R1(config-if)#exit 

    R1(config)#interface serial 2/0

    R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0

    R1(config-if)#no shutdown 

    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to down

    R1(config-if)#end

    路由器R1端口信息：

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    R1#show ip interface brief 

    Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol 

    FastEthernet0/0        172.16.1.1      YES manual up                    up 

    FastEthernet1/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 

    Serial2/0              172.16.2.1      YES manual down                  down 

    Serial3/0              unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 

    FastEthernet4/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 

    FastEthernet5/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

    #查看串口信息

    R1#show ip interface serial 2/0

    Serial2/0 is down, line protocol is down (disabled)

      Internet address is 172.16.2.1/24

      Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255

      Address determined by setup command

      MTU is 1500

      Helper address is not set

      Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled

      Outgoing access list is not set

      Inbound  access list is not set

      Proxy ARP is enabled

      Security level is default

      Split horizon is enabled

      ICMP redirects are always sent

      ICMP unreachables are always sent

      ICMP mask replies are never sent

      IP fast switching is disabled

      IP fast switching on the same interface is disabled

      IP Flow switching is disabled

      IP Fast switching turbo vector

      IP multicast fast switching is disabled

      IP multicast distributed fast switching is disabled

      Router Discovery is disabled

      IP output packet accounting is disabled

      IP access violation accounting is disabled

      TCP/IP header compression is disabled

      RTP/IP header compression is disabled

      Probe proxy name replies are disabled

      Policy routing is disabled

      Network address translation is disabled

      WCCP Redirect outbound is disabled

      WCCP Redirect exclude is disabled

      BGP Policy Mapping is disabled

    1.2 配置路由器R2的IP地址和串口的时钟频率

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    Router>en

    Router#configure terminal 

    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

    Router(config)#hostname R2

    R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

    R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0

    R2(config-if)#no shutdown 

    R2(config-if)#

    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

    %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

    R2(config-if)#exit 

    R2(config)#interface serial 2/0

    R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0

    R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000

    R2(config-if)#no shutdown 

    R2(config-if)#

    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

    R2(config-if)#end

    查看路由器的端口信息

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    R2#show ip interface brief 

    Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol 

    FastEthernet0/0        172.16.3.1      YES manual up                    up 

    FastEthernet1/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 

    Serial2/0              172.16.2.2      YES manual up                    up 

    Serial3/0              unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 

    FastEthernet4/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down 

    FastEthernet5/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

    #查看串口信息
    R2#show ip interface serial 2/0

    Serial2/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected)

      Internet address is 172.16.2.2/24

      Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255

      Address determined by setup command

      MTU is 1500

      Helper address is not set

      Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled

      Outgoing access list is not set

      Inbound  access list is not set

      Proxy ARP is enabled

      Security level is default

      Split horizon is enabled

      ICMP redirects are always sent

      ICMP unreachables are always sent

      ICMP mask replies are never sent

      IP fast switching is disabled

      IP fast switching on the same interface is disabled

      IP Flow switching is disabled

      IP Fast switching turbo vector

      IP multicast fast switching is disabled

      IP multicast distributed fast switching is disabled

      Router Discovery is disabled

      IP output packet accounting is disabled

      IP access violation accounting is disabled

      TCP/IP header compression is disabled

      RTP/IP header compression is disabled

      Probe proxy name replies are disabled

      Policy routing is disabled

      Network address translation is disabled

      WCCP Redirect outbound is disabled

      WCCP Redirect exclude is disabled

      BGP Policy Mapping is disabled

  2. 配置路由器的静态路由表

    2.1配置路由器R1的静态路由表

    配置：

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    R1#configure terminal 

    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

    R1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2

    R1(config)#end

    R1#

    %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

    查看路由表信息：

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    R1#show ip route 

    Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

    ​       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

    ​       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

    ​       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

    ​       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

    ​       \* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

    ​       P - periodic downloaded static route

    Gateway of last resort is not set

    ​     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

    C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

    R1#

    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

    %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

    2.2 配置路由器R2的静态路由表

    配置：

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    R1#configure terminal 

    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

    R1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2

    R1(config)#end

    R1#

    %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

    查看路由表信息：

    R1#show ip route 

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    Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

           D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
        
           N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
        
           E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
        
           i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
        
           \* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
        
           P - periodic downloaded static route

    Gateway of last resort is not set

         172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

    C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

    R1#

    %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

    %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up

  3. 验证测试

    3.1 配置PC

    PC1：

    IP:172.16.1.2

    MASK:255.255.255.0

    Gateway:172.16.1.1

    PC2：

    IP:172.16.3.2

    MASK:255.255.255.0

    Gateway:172.16.3.1

    3.2 ping测试

    PC1 ping PC2 ping 172.16.3.2

    cisco22

    完成！！！

  • Title: 6.配置静态路由
  • Author: 小浩
  • Created at : 2024-04-09 14:41:10
  • Updated at : 2024-06-08 13:52:13
  • Link: https://blog.xh8.shop/2024/04/09/6-配置静态路由/
  • License: This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.
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6.配置静态路由
  1. 一、背景
  2. 二、拓扑图
  3. 三、配置流程
    1. 配置路由器接口的IP地址
    2. 1.2 配置路由器R2的IP地址和串口的时钟频率
    3. 配置路由器的静态路由表
    4. 验证测试